Git and GitHub Tutorial

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 ***** Git and GitHub Tutorial *****


Steps to Practice Cmd:- 

1) Create an account in GitHub and create one repository with a readme file.

2) Download and install git for your OS.

3) Open Git Bash cmd and check git version 

cmd => $ git --version

4) You can setup git credentials using

cmd=> git config --global user.name "YourUsername"  and 

cmd=> git config --global user.email "YourEmailID"

5) Move to the desired directory using the cd command

6) Now to clone the repository from Github 

cmd => git clone <github url of your repo>   ..... 

ex => git clone https://github.com/rajmote/helpdeskui.git

7) check what you got from GitHub 

cmd=> ls   (It will give you readme.txt file in the list.)

8) Now check the status by 

cmd => git status  (On branch main Your branch is up to date with 'origin/main'.)

9) Now add your project or project files in a directory which you want to check-in and hit 

cmd => git status 

(Untracked files:  (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)    filename.ext)

10) Now if you want to check in a single file then 

cmd => git add <filename> 

11) if you want to check in all files then 

cmd=> git add .

12) Now check status 

cmd => git status

13) Now commit the added changes cmd=> git commit -m "Give comment for committing changes"

14) check status 

cmd => git status

15) Its time to push committed changes to the GitHub repository 

cmd=> git push origin master (make sure about your origin/main or something else)

16) If you face any issue in the above cmd then try 

cmd=> git push (It will work)

17) Then status check 

cmd => git status

18) Now if someone else had made changes in code and you want to pull it then 

cmd => Git pull 

19) Check status again cmd => git status 

20) Once you done with the above steps then practice following things,

 Some cheat codes and bonus points in details:-

INSTALLATION & GUIS With platform-specific installers for Git, GitHub also provides the ease of staying up-to-date with the latest releases of the command-line tool while providing a graphical user interface for day-to-day interaction, review, and repository synchronization.

GitHub for Windows 

htps://windows.github.com 

GitHub for Mac

 htps://mac.github.com 

For Linux and Solaris platforms, the latest release is available on the official Git website. 

Git for All Platforms htp://git-scm.com

SETUP 

Configuring user information used across all local repositories 

cmd=> git config --global user.name “[firstname lastname]” 

set a name that is identifiable for credit when review version history 

cmd => git config --global user.email “[valid-email]” 

set an email address that will be associated with each history marker 

cmd=>  git config --global color.ui auto 

set automatic command line coloring for Git for easy reviewing 

SETUP & INIT 

Configuring user information, initializing and cloning repositories 

cmd=> git init 

initialize an existing directory as a Git repository 

cmd=> git clone [url]

retrieve an entire repository from a hosted location via URL

STAGE & SNAPSHOT 

Working with snapshots and the Git staging are

cmd=> git status 

show modified files in the working directory, staged for your next commit

cmd=> git add [file] 

add a file as it looks now to your next commit (stage)

cmd=> git reset [file]

unstage a file while retaining the changes in the working director

cmd=> git diff 

diff of what is changed but not staged 

cmd=> git diff --staged 

diff of what is staged but not yet committed 

cmd=> git commit -m “[descriptive message]” 

commit your staged content as a new commit snapshot

BRANCH & MERGE 

Isolating work in branches, changing context, and integrating changes 

cmd=> git branch

list your branches. a * will appear next to the currently active branch 

cmd=> git branch [branch-name] 

create a new branch at the current commit 

cmd=> git checkout 

switch to another branch and check it out into your working directory 

cmd=> git merge [branch] 

merge the specified branch’s history into the current one

cmd=> git log

show all commits in the current branch’s history

SHARE & UPDATE 

Retrieving updates from another repository and updating local repos 

cmd=> git remote add [alias] [url] 

add a git URL as an alias 

cmd=> git fetch [alias] 

fetch down all the branches from that Git remote 

cmd=> git merge [alias]/[branch] 

merge a remote branch into your current branch to bring it up to date 

cmd=> git push [alias] [branch]

Transmit local branch commits to the remote repository branch 

cmd=> git pull 

fetch and merge any commits from the tracking remote branch

REWRITE HISTORY 

Rewriting branches, updating commits and clearing history 

cmd=> git rebase [branch] 

apply any commits of current branch ahead of specified one 

cmd=> git reset --hard [commit]

clear staging area, rewrite working tree from specified commit

INSPECT & COMPARE 

Examining logs, diffs and object information 

cmd=> git log

show the commit history for the currently active branch 

cmd=> git log branchB..branchA

show the commits on branchA that are not on branchB 

cmd=> git log --follow [file] 

show the commits that changed file, even across renames 

cmd=> git diff branchB...branchA 

show the diff of what is in branchA that is not in branchB 

cmd=> git show [SHA] 

show any object in Git in human-readable format

TRACKING PATH CHANGES 

Versioning file removes and path changes 

cmd=> git rm [file] 

delete the file from project and stage the removal for commit 

cmd=> git mv [existing-path] [new-path] 

change an existing file path and stage the move 

cmd=> git log --stat -M 

show all commit logs with indication of any paths that moved

TEMPORARY COMMITS 

Temporarily store modified, tracked files in order to change branches 

cmd=> git stash

Save modified and staged changes 

cmd=> git stash list 

list stack-order of stashed file changes 

cmd=> git stash pop 

write working from top of stash stack 

cmd=>  git stash drop 

discard the changes from top of stash stack

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